Course: إنتاج أشجار الفاكهة

Topic outline

General

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- An-Najah National University
  
  Faculty of Agriculture
  
  Department of Plant Production
  
  Course Title : Fruit Trees
  
  Course Number :10911210
  
  Instructor Name : Faisal Shraim
  
  Compulsory / Elective : Compulsory
  
  Prerequisites : Plant Production 94210 or General Biology 24102
  
  __________________________________________
  
  Course Contents (Description) ;
  
  Students, in this course, receive instruction on skills necessary for fruit tree planting and production in terms of goals, site choice, suitable soil, choice of appropriate varieties, preparation of land for planting, systems or methods of planting and breeding, fruit blossom growth, maturity and picking, weeds resistance and frost. The course also emphasizes fruit trees planted in the region.
  
  Course Objectives :
  
  The primary objective in this course is to help the students to understand some of fruit trees classification, botanical characteristics, site selection, fruit quality factors, propagation, pruning, pollination, flowering and fruit set, cultural practices, and nutritional value of the major fruit crops.
  
  Textbook and References :
  
  Melvin, N. W. 1991. Temperate-zone Pomology: physiology and culture. 3^rd ed.
  Bike, Ben. 2011 .The Fruit Trees Handbook, (PDF)
  
  For full outline click here
- Faisal Shraim is inviting you to a scheduled Zoom meeting.
  
  Topic: Fruit Trees
  Time: Feb 11, 2024 09:00 AM Jerusalem
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Introduction
Topic One: Introduction to Fruit Trees
- Introduction:
  
  Horticultural sciences include Pomology, Olericulture, and Ornamentals. Pomology, the science of fruit trees, includes fruit trees, small fruits, and Nuts.
  
  Objectives:
  
  By the end on this unit the student will be able to:
  
  Understand the terminology used in fruit trees.
  
  know nutritive value of fruit trees.
  
  Study the position of fruit trees in Palestine.
  
  Plan:
  
  First: Read the following presentation: Introduction
  recorded lecture
  
  Second: Watch the following video
- File
  
  Agricultural Census - 2010 File
  
  Agricultural Census - 2010
- Assignment
  
  Production areas Assignment
Classification
Topic Two: Classification of Fruit Trees
- Introduction:
  
  The act of classification can be defined as ‘the grouping of individuals so that all the individuals in one group have certain features or properties in common’.
  
  Objectives:
  
  By the end of this topic the student will be able to:
  
  Understand botanical classification of fruit trees.
  
  Know groups of fruit trees.
  
  Plan:
  
  1- Read the following presentation: Classification
  Recorded Lecture
  2- Watch the following videos:
- Assignment
  
  Fruit trees Mapping Assignment
Botanical Description
Topic Three: Botanical Description
- Introduction:
  
  Studying botanical characteristics of fruit trees is very important for proper management of orchard (i.e flowers X pollination) and proper cultural practices (i.e buds X pruning).
  
  Objectives:
  
  By the end of this unit the student will be able to:
  
  Identify different types of roots, stems, buds, flowers, and fruits.
  
  Classify fruit trees according to their botanical charesteristics.
  
  Plan :
  
  First :Reed the following presentation : Botany of Fruit Trees
  recorded lecture1
  Recorded Lecture2
- Second :See the following videos
  
  Third: Solve the following assignment
- Assignment
  
  Botany of fruit trees Assignment
- Assignment
  
  Buds Assignment
Presentation
Presentation

Attached your presentation here
- Forum
  
  Presentation 1 Forum
  
  Available until 7 May 2022, 6:10 PM
Vegetative Growth
Topic Four: Vegetative Growth
- Introduction:
  
  A fruit tree undergoes several phases of vegetative growth before flowering and fruiting. Vegetative growth includes developmental phases, shoot growth, and root growth.
  
  Objectives:
  
  Know developmental phases of fruit trees.
  
  Identify determinate and indeterminate growth.
  
  Plan:
  
  First: Read the following presentation
  Recorded Lecture
- File
  
  Vegetative Growth File
- Second : See the following video
  
  Third:Solve the following assignment
- Assignment
  
  Juvenility and Shoot Growth Assignment
Reproductive Growth
Topic Five: Reproductive Growth
- Introduction:
  
  Reproduction growth including formation of embryo sac and pollen grains. Flowering is the critical stage of fruit tress production.
  
  Objectives:
  
  1-Know steps of flowering and fruit and seed formation.
  
  2-Study factors affecting flower bud formation.
  
  3-Understand embryo sac and pollen grain formation.
  
  Plan:
  
  First: Read the following presentation.
  
  Reproductive growth
  Recorded Lecture
  
  Second: Watch the following video:
- Third:Solve the following assignment
- Assignment
  
  Bearing Habits Assignment
  
  Indicate bearing habits and flowering bud types for the following fruit trees .
Pollination and Fertilization
Topic Six: Pollination and Fertilization
- Introduction:
  
  Pollination and fertilization is the main goal of fruit trees growers. The yield of fruit trees is determined by the success of faliur of pollination and fertilization.
  
  Objectives:
  
  Know needs of pollination and fertilzation.
  
  Identify types of pollination and fertilization.
  
  Plan:
  
  First: Read the following presentation.
  
  Pollination and Fertilization
  Recorded Lecture 1
  Recorded lecture 2
  
  Second : In the following videos, find out how to cross-pollinate fruit trees in your yard or garden. Learn the difference between self fruitful and self unfruitful trees, how to encourage healthy fruit tree growth and how to help honeybees speed up the pollinating process.
  
  Pollination
  
  Fourth:Solve the following assignment
- Assignment
  
  Pollination Needs Assignment
Fruit Growth and Development
Topic Seven:Fruit Growth and Development
- Introduction:
  
  Fruit growth and development is the ultimate goal of growers. The success with fruit growth and development determines the yield.
  
  Objectives:
  
  By the end of this unit syudents will be able to:
  
  1-know stages of fruit growth and developments.
  
  2-Identify fruit set efficiency
  
  3-Identify fruit thinning, shape, and density.
  
  Plan:
  
  First: Read the following presentation
  
  Fruit growth and development
  Recorded lecture 1
  Recorded lecture 2
  
  Second: Watch the following video
  
  Fruit development & Maturation
- Assignment
  
  Fruit Growth Assignment
Maturity and Storage
Topic Eight: Maturity and Storage
- Introduction:
  
  Fruit maturity and ripening is the end point of fruit growth and development. By maturity fruits are ready for harvest. Storage of fruit is important to prlong shelf life of produce.
  
  Objectives:
  
  By the end of this unit students will be able to:
  
  1-Identify maturity and ripening.
  
  2-Identify signs of maturity.
  
  3-Know methods of storage
  
  Plan:
  
  First: Read the following presentation.
  
  Maturity and Storage
  Recorded lecture
  
  Second:Read the following article.
  
  CA Storage
  Recorded Lecture
  
  Third: watch the following video
- Assignment
  
  Storage of fruit trees Assignment
Rest and Dormancy
Topic Nine: Rest and Dormancy
- Introduction:
  
  Fruit trees inter dormancy period to overcome winter low temperature. Buds of fruit trees will not break out until exposed to chilling hours. Chilling hours differs by species.
  
  Objectives:
  
  by the end of this unit students will be able to:
  
  1-know rest and dormancy.
  
  2-Identify chilling requirements and calculations.
  
  Plan:
  
  First: Read the following presentation
  
  Rest and Dormancy
  Recorded Lecture
  
  Second: Watch the following video
- Assignment
  
  Chilling Hours Assignment
Sexual Propagation
Topic Ten: Fruit Trees Propagation: Sexual Propagation
- Introduction:
  
  Plant propagation is multiplication of plants by sexual (seed) and asexual (vegetative) means for the purpose of preserving the genotype. Sexual propagation is the reproduction of plants with the use of seeds and resulted into seedlings with similar or differing genotypes.
  
  Objectives:
  
  by the end of this unit students will be able to:
  
  1-Understand propagation by sexual means.
  
  2-Identify seed dormancy and how to overcome.
  
  Plan:
  
  First :Read the following presentation
  
  Sexual Propagation
  Recorded Lecture
- Assignment
  
  Seed dormancy Assignment
Asexual Propagation
Topic Eleven: Fruit Trees Propagation: Asexual Propagation
- Introduction:
  
  Asexual Propagation: regenerating a new plant from a vegetative portion of the parent plant without using seeds; cloning (genetically uniform). Vegetative means include: stems, roots, leaves, layering, separation, grafting and budding, and tissue culture.
  
  Objectives:
  
  1-Know principles of asexual propagation.
  
  2-Identify methods of asexual propagation.
  
  Plan:
  
  First:Read the following presentation
  
  Asexual propagation
  Recorded Lecture
- Assignment
  
  Propagation Method Assignment
Grafting, Budding, and Rootstocks
Topic Twelve: Grafting, Budding, and Rootstocks.
- Introduction:
  
  Most fruit trees are propagated asexually by grafting and budding. Grafting and budding is a art joining two different plant parts together, in such a manner that they unites and continues their growth as simple plant. Rootstock is a lower portion of the graft union, where as, scion is the upper portion a place at which both unites is termed as scion or graft union.
  
  Objectives:
  
  By the end of this unit students will be able to:
  
  1-Understand grafting and budding.
  
  2-Identify techniques in grafting and budding.
  
  3-Identify most common varieties of rootstocks
  
  Plan:
  
  First :Read the following presentations
  
  *Grafting & Budding
  Recorded lecture
  
  *Rootstocks
  Recorded lecture
- Assignment
  
  Causes and mechanism of incompatibility Assignment
- Quiz
  
  Quiz #1
Growth Regulators
Topic Thirteen: Use of Growth Regulators in Fruit Trees
- Introduction:
  
  Growth regulator may be defined as chemical substance, other than nutrient and vitamin regulate the growth of plant when applied in small quantities.Types of Growth Regulators: Auxin, Gibberellins, Cytokines, Ethylene , Inhibitors, and Growth retardants.
  
  Objectives:
  
  By the end of this unit students will be able to:
  
  1-know groth regulators used in fruit trees.
  
  2-Identify commercial use of each growth regulator in fruit trees.
  
  Plan:
  
  First :Read the following presentation
  
  Commercial use of growth regulators
  Recorded Lecture 1
  Recorded Lecture 2
- Assignment
  
  Growth regulators Assignment
Frost Protection
Topic Fourteen: Frost Protection
- Introduction:
  
  The most killing frost occures in spring. Fruit buds, flowers, developing fruit and emerging shoots are the most sensitive to low temperature (frost) injury. The best protection for avoiding a spring frost is locating the fruit planting on a proper site.
  
  Objectives:
  
  By the end of this unit students will be able to:
  
  1-Know types of frost.
  
  2-Identify methods of frost protection
  
  Plan:
  
  First :Read the following article.
  
  FROST PROTECTION FOR FRUIT CROPS
  
  Second: Watch the following video
- Assignment
  
  Factors Affecting Freeze Damage Assignment
Training & Pruning
Topic Fifteen: Training Pruning Fruit Trees
- Introduction:
  
  Growers often neglect the annual training and pruning of fruit trees. Without training and pruning, however, fruit trees will not develop proper shape and form. Properly trained and pruned trees will yield high quality fruit much earlier in their lives and live significantly longer.
  
  Objectives:
  
  By the end of this unit students will be able to:
  
  1-Know importance of training and pruning.
  
  2-Identify pruning methods and training types.
  
  Plan:
  
  First:Read the following article.
  
  Training & Pruning Fruit Trees
  
  Second:Practical pruning and training of differtent fruit trees in the farm.
Establishing and Planting Orchards
Topic Sixteen:Establishing and Planting Orchards
- Introduction:
  
  Establishing and Planting Orchardsshould be done carefully as trees cannot easily be moved once they are planted. Traditionally, orchard trees have been planted in straight rows on a set (usually square, quincunx or hexagonal) pattern. Orchard mangement is very important to higher yield and quality.
  
  Objectives:
  
  By the end of this course students will be able to:
  
  1-Know planting patterns, density, & pollinizer distribution.
  
  2-Identify management practices; planting time and methods, weed control, watering, fertilization.
  
  Plan:
  
  First: Read the following article.
  
  Orchard establishment
  
  Second:Practical establishment, planting, and amanagement of fruit trees in the farm
  
  Third: Watch the following videos: 1-
  
  2-
Midterm Exam spring 2021
- Quiz
  
  Midterm Exam Spring 2021 Quiz
Quiz
- Quiz
  
  Final Quiz Spring 2021
Crop Agenda
- Assignment
  
  Agena Assignment
Crop Presentation
Please attach your presentation as PDF
- Assignment
  
  Crop (1) presentation Assignment
- Assignment
  
  Short question Assignment
  
  What are the factors that affect maturity?
Midterm Quiz 2024
- Quiz
  
  Midterm Quiz 2024
  
  تعليمات الامتحان:
  1.      يبدا الامتحان الساعة 11:30-12:05
  2.      الامتحان مكون من 14 سؤال ومجموع العلامات 25
  3.      مدة الامتحان 40 دقيقة
  4.      لا يمكن الرجوع الى نفس السؤال بعد الانتقال الى السؤال الذي يليه
  5.       يجب فتح الامتحان من جهاز واحد فقط
  6.      عدم استخدام لوحة مفاتيح الحاسوب للتنقل بين الاسئلة واستخدام الفارة.
  7.      عدم استخدام تطبيق موودل للاجهزة الذكية واعتماد المتصفح عند تادية الامتحان.
  8.      ينصح الطالب باستخدام جهاز حاسوب بدلا من الهاتف في حال وجود صور ضمن الاسئلة.
  9.      التاكد من عدم تفعيل برامج التصحيح التلقائي على المتصفح والتي قد تؤدي الى مشاكل في اختيارات الطالب لاجاباته.
  10.  التاكد من عدم عمل ترجمة للصفحات من المتصفح.
  اتمنى لكم التوفيق
Midterm Quiz 2024 الامتحان البديل
- Quiz
  
  Midterm Quiz 2024 الامتحان البديل
Final Quiz 2024
- Quiz
  
  Final Quiz 2024

Topic outline

General

An-Najah National University

Faculty of Agriculture

Department of Plant Production

Course Title : Fruit Trees

Instructor Name : Faisal Shraim

Compulsory / Elective : Compulsory

Prerequisites : Plant Production 94210 or General Biology 24102

__________________________________________

Course Contents (Description) ;

Course Objectives :

Textbook and References :

Melvin, N. W. 1991. Temperate-zone Pomology: physiology and culture. 3rd ed.

Bike, Ben. 2011 .The Fruit Trees Handbook, (PDF)

For full outline click here

Introduction

Topic One: Introduction to Fruit Trees

Introduction:

Horticultural sciences include Pomology, Olericulture, and Ornamentals. Pomology, the science of fruit trees, includes fruit trees, small fruits, and Nuts.

Objectives:

Understand the terminology used in fruit trees.

know nutritive value of fruit trees.

Study the position of fruit trees in Palestine.

Plan:

First: Read the following presentation: Introduction

Second: Watch the following video

Classification

Topic Two: Classification of Fruit Trees

Introduction:

The act of classification can be defined as ‘the grouping of individuals so that all the individuals in one group have certain features or properties in common’.

Botanical Description

Topic Three: Botanical Description

Introduction:

Studying botanical characteristics of fruit trees is very important for proper management of orchard (i.e flowers X pollination) and proper cultural practices (i.e buds X pruning).

Objectives:

Identify different types of roots, stems, buds, flowers, and fruits.

Classify fruit trees according to their botanical charesteristics.

Plan :

First :Reed the following presentation : Botany of Fruit Trees

recorded lecture1

Second :See the following videos

Presentation

Vegetative Growth

Topic Four: Vegetative Growth

Introduction:

A fruit tree undergoes several phases of vegetative growth before flowering and fruiting. Vegetative growth includes developmental phases, shoot growth, and root growth.

Objectives:

Know developmental phases of fruit trees.

Identify determinate and indeterminate growth.

Plan:

First: Read the following presentation

Second : See the following video

Reproductive Growth

Topic Five: Reproductive Growth

Introduction:

Reproduction growth including formation of embryo sac and pollen grains. Flowering is the critical stage of fruit tress production.

Objectives:

1-Know steps of flowering and fruit and seed formation.

2-Study factors affecting flower bud formation.

3-Understand embryo sac and pollen grain formation.

Plan:

First: Read the following presentation.

Second: Watch the following video: Reproduction in seed plants

Pollination and Fertilization

Topic Six: Pollination and Fertilization

Introduction:

Pollination and fertilization is the main goal of fruit trees growers. The yield of fruit trees is determined by the success of faliur of pollination and fertilization.

Objectives:

Know needs of pollination and fertilzation.

Identify types of pollination and fertilization.

Plan:

First: Read the following presentation.

Recorded Lecture 1

Second : In the following videos, find out how to cross-pollinate fruit trees in your yard or garden. Learn the difference between self fruitful and self unfruitful trees, how to encourage healthy fruit tree growth and how to help honeybees speed up the pollinating process.

Fourth:Solve the following assignment

Fruit Growth and Development

Topic Seven:Fruit Growth and Development

Introduction:

Fruit growth and development is the ultimate goal of growers. The success with fruit growth and development determines the yield.

Melvin, N. W. 1991. Temperate-zone Pomology: physiology and culture. 3^rd ed.

Second: Watch the following video: